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===China=== | ===China=== | ||
==== Chinese Mainland ==== | ==== Chinese Mainland ==== | ||
In Chinese Mainland, '''Online Game Age-Appropriateness Warning''' ({{lang-zh|网络游戏适龄提示}}<sup>''Wǎngluò yóuxì shìlíng tíshì''</sup>) made by China Audio-video and Digital Publishing Association (CADPA, {{lang-zh|中国音像与数字出版协会}}) is used for game reviewing and age classification. This rating system has been made public on Decmber 16th 2020 and came to effect on July 1st. OGAAW uses 3 ratings to classify different ages for people with different suitable ages. | In Chinese Mainland, '''Online Game Age-Appropriateness Warning''' ({{lang-zh|网络游戏适龄提示}}<sup>''Wǎngluò yóuxì shìlíng tíshì''</sup>) made by China Audio-video and Digital Publishing Association (CADPA, {{lang-zh|中国音像与数字出版协会}}) is used for game reviewing and age classification. This rating system has been made public on Decmber 16th 2020 and came to effect on July 1st. OGAAW uses 3 ratings to classify different ages for people with different suitable ages. As a suggestion for minors and their guardians to choose age-appropriate games, OGAAW is not mandatory. | ||
Before then, People's Daily Online has drafted | Before then, People's Daily Online has drafted a ''Draft of Game Age-Appropriateness Warning'' on 2019, which includes ratings: 6+, 12+, 16+ and 18+, which were intended to be used.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Niu Yong|author2=Xiao Jinbo|url=https://society.people.com.cn/n1/2019/0626/c1008-31197366.html|title=人民网起草《游戏适龄提示草案》 将搭建网上提示平台|date=2019-06-26|accessdate=2024-06-01|website=人民网}}</ref> Its logo was released on September 26, 2019.<ref name="OldIcon">{{Cite web|url=https://games.sina.com.cn/y/n/2019-09-26/icezzrq8613293.shtml|title=“游戏适龄提示”统一标识首次发布|date=2019-09-26|accessdate=2024-06-01|website=新浪游戏}}</ref>However, 18+ was canceled in the official version, and the lowest level was adjusted to 8+. | ||
{{Hide|Title=Former OGAAW icon<ref name="OldIcon"/>|Text= | {{Hide|Title=Former OGAAW icon<ref name="OldIcon"/>|Text= | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
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}} | }} | ||
To strict, this classification system has differences from other ratings outside Chinese Mainland, as the standards excludes the restricted rating for games with sexuality, violence and crime content similiar as "R18+".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/QjqHa9Gz-VJ_aj-s8mgkWQ|title=一图详解"适龄提示"|date=2020-12-28|accessdate=2022-02-26|website=音数协游戏工委}}</ref> | To strict, this classification system has differences from other ratings outside Chinese Mainland, as the standards excludes the restricted rating for games with sexuality, violence and crime content similiar as "R18+".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/QjqHa9Gz-VJ_aj-s8mgkWQ|title=一图详解"适龄提示"|date=2020-12-28|accessdate=2022-02-26|website=音数协游戏工委}}</ref>However, because its function and form are similar to other ratings, some media regard it as a ''de facto'' rating system.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-12-18-china-introduces-new-age-rating-system|title=China introduces new age rating system|date=2020-12-18|accessdate=2024-03-12|website=GamesIndustry.biz}}</ref> | ||
相关单位还表示,'''“适龄提示”不同于西方的分级制度,是对现有审查制度的完善,并不会放大游戏内容审核尺度。'''国家新闻出版署负责人在有关防沉迷问题答记者问时也强调决不允许色情、血腥、暴力、赌博等有害内容存在于面向成年人的游戏中。<ref>{{Cite web|author=新华社|url=https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2019-11/05/content_5448848.htm|title=坚决遏制沉迷,保护青少年健康成长——国家新闻出版署有关负责人就《关于防止未成年人沉迷网络游戏的通知》答记者问|accessdate=2022-02-26|website=中国政府网}}</ref> | 相关单位还表示,'''“适龄提示”不同于西方的分级制度,是对现有审查制度的完善,并不会放大游戏内容审核尺度。'''国家新闻出版署负责人在有关防沉迷问题答记者问时也强调决不允许色情、血腥、暴力、赌博等有害内容存在于面向成年人的游戏中。<ref>{{Cite web|author=新华社|url=https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2019-11/05/content_5448848.htm|title=坚决遏制沉迷,保护青少年健康成长——国家新闻出版署有关负责人就《关于防止未成年人沉迷网络游戏的通知》答记者问|accessdate=2022-02-26|website=中国政府网}}</ref> | ||
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|}<ref>{{Cite web|author=人民网|url=https://jinbao.people.cn/GB/428398/index.html|title=游戏适龄提示平台|accessdate=2022-07-31|website=人民网}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=人民网|url=https://jinbao.people.cn/n1/2020/1228/c421674-31981560.html|title=一图详解“适龄提示”|accessdate=2022-07-31|website=人民网}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=人民网|url=https://jinbao.people.cn/n1/2021/0111/c421674-31996187.html|title=《网络游戏适龄提示》团体标准应用工作部署会在京召开|accessdate=2022-07-31|website=人民网}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=中国音像与数字出版协会|url=https://swsdl.vivo.com.cn/appstore/developer/uploadFile/20221117/jahnf4/%E3%80%8A%E6%9C%AA%E6%88%90%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F%E9%80%82%E9%BE%84%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E3%80%8B%E5%9B%A2%E4%BD%93%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86.pdf|title=未成年人网络游戏适龄提示(Age labeling of online games for minors)|date=2020-12-16|accessdate=2024-06-01}}</ref> | |}<ref>{{Cite web|author=人民网|url=https://jinbao.people.cn/GB/428398/index.html|title=游戏适龄提示平台|accessdate=2022-07-31|website=人民网}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=人民网|url=https://jinbao.people.cn/n1/2020/1228/c421674-31981560.html|title=一图详解“适龄提示”|accessdate=2022-07-31|website=人民网}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=人民网|url=https://jinbao.people.cn/n1/2021/0111/c421674-31996187.html|title=《网络游戏适龄提示》团体标准应用工作部署会在京召开|accessdate=2022-07-31|website=人民网}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=中国音像与数字出版协会|url=https://swsdl.vivo.com.cn/appstore/developer/uploadFile/20221117/jahnf4/%E3%80%8A%E6%9C%AA%E6%88%90%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F%E9%80%82%E9%BE%84%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA%E3%80%8B%E5%9B%A2%E4%BD%93%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86.pdf|title=未成年人网络游戏适龄提示(Age labeling of online games for minors)|date=2020-12-16|accessdate=2024-06-01}}</ref> | ||
==== Taiwan ==== | ==== Taiwan Area ==== | ||
'''Game Software Rating Regulations''' (GSRR, {{lang-zh|遊戲軟體分級管理辦法}}) is the game rating system released in 2011 | '''Game Software Rating Regulations''' (GSRR, {{lang-zh|遊戲軟體分級管理辦法}}) is the game rating system released in 2011 and came into effect the following year. It was formerly '''Computer Software Rating Regulations''' (CSRR, {{lang-zh|電腦軟體分級辦法}}), which was the game rating system released in 2006 and came into effect the following year. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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|} | |} | ||
==== Hong Kong & Macau ==== | ==== Hong Kong & Macau SAR ==== | ||
There are no written game rating rules in Hong Kong and Macau, but if a has been checked with unsuitable content, it would receive an warning for person who buys this game. | There are no written game rating rules in Hong Kong and Macau, but if a has been checked with unsuitable content, it would receive an warning for person who buys this game. | ||
[[File:香港出版物18禁警告.jpg|thumb]] | [[File:香港出版物18禁警告.jpg|thumb]] |
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A video game rating system is a system used to standardize the review and classification of video game age groups by different countries. It was first proposed in United States in 1994.
Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) is the North American game rating organization established in 1994 by Entertainment Software Association (ESA). This rating system applies to USA, Canada and Mexico.
This organization also rates certain non-game applications.
Icon | Rating | Description | Notes |
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Early Childhood (eC) | This rating denoted content which is aimed towards a preschool users. Games with the rating do not contain content that parents would find objectionable to this audience. | Discontinued in 2018. |
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Everyone (E) [1] | Content is generally suitable for all ages. May contain minimal cartoon, fantasy or mild violence and/or infrequent use of mild language. | |
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Everyone 10+ (E10+) | Content is generally suitable for ages 10 and up. May contain more cartoon, fantasy or mild violence, mild language and/or minimal suggestive themes | Introduced in April 2nd, 2005. |
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Teen (T) | Content is generally suitable for ages 13 and up. May contain violence, suggestive themes, crude humor, minimal blood, simulated gambling and/or infrequent use of strong language. | The first Nintendo game to get ESRB T rating is Super Smash Bros. Melee. |
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Mature 17+ (M) | Content is generally suitable for ages 17 and up. May contain intense violence, blood and gore, sexual content and/or strong language. | |
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Adults Only 18+ (AO) | Content suitable only for adults ages 18 and up. May include prolonged scenes of intense violence, graphic sexual content and/or gambling with real currency. | The majority of AO-rated titles are adult video games that received the rating for sexual content. There have been isolated cases of games receiving the rating for other reasons such as violent content and allowing players to gamble using real money. |
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Rating Pending (RP) | Not yet assigned a final ESRB rating. Appears only in advertising, marketing and promotional materials related to a physical (e.g., boxed) video game that is expected to carry an ESRB rating, and should be replaced by a game's rating once it has been assigned. | |
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Rating Pending - Likely Mature 17+ | Not yet assigned a final ESRB rating but anticipated to be rated Mature 17+. Appears only in advertising, marketing, and promotional materials related to a physical (e.g., boxed) video game that is expected to carry an ESRB rating, and should be replaced by a game's rating once it has been assigned. |
ESRB also provides the content descriptors of the game content, printed on the back of the game box or shown on the Internet.
In addition to ESRB which is used generally among North American regions, the organization RTC (Spanish: Dirección General de Radio, Televisión y Cinematografía) of Interior Ministry of Mexico, also uses their own age rating system since May 27th 2021.
ClassInd (Portuguese: Classificação Indicativa) rates films, games and television shows in Brazil.
Prior to 2001, this organization uses ELSPA/ESRB to rate the games in Brazil.
Icon | Rating | Description | Notes | |
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Now (Since 2001) |
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AL[2] | Suitable for all ages. | |
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A10 | Suitable for 10 ages and over. Parental accompanying is required for those under 10 years old. | |
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A12 | Suitable for 12 ages and over. Parental accompanying is required for those under 12 years old. | |
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A14 | Suitable for 14 ages and over. Parental accompanying is required for those under 14 years old. | |
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A16 | Suitable for 16 ages and over. Parental accompanying is required for those under 16 years old. | |
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A18 | Suitable for 16 ages and over only. Parental accompanying is required for those under 16-18 years old. |
The Council of Cinematographic Classification (Spanish: Consejo de Calificación Cinematográfica / CCC) reviews in Chile shelves of electronic games. The ratings include TE (all ages), 8+, 14+, 18+ and ER (especially recommended for children and adolescents).
The main game rating agency in Japan is Computer Entertainment Rating Organization (CERO, Japanese: コンピュータエンターテインメントレーティング機構), a non-profit organization founded in July 2002. Any console game released for sale in Japan needs to be reviewed by CERO.
In accordance with the provisions of Article 7 and Schedule 3 of the CERO Ethics, ratings for games including sex organs or extreme violence by CERO will be refused excludes censored nudities and the game will be submitted to the Ethics Organization of Computer Software or the Japan contents Review Center for review as mentioned below.
The current classification marks are the revised method after March 2006, which changed from "all ages", "12 years old and above", "15 years old and above" and "18 years old and above" to English letters "A, B", "C", "Z", and added "D", which for 17 years old and above.
Currently, all 47 prefectures in Japan have implemented the Juvenile Protection and Upbringing Ordinance (青少年保護育成条例) and carry out age checks on the Z-rated trafficker.
In addition to the five levels above, there are three more special CERO levels.
The content descriptors by CERO are shown on the back of game box or on the Internet.
Besides CERO, there's another game rating organization focused on adult games called Ethics Organization of Computer Software (EOCS, Japanese: コンピュータソフトウェア倫理機構/ソフ倫). However, the organization's review has no legal effect
The rating system by EOCS shares same old rating criteria with CERO, and R15 rating was removed on September 30th, 2011.
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Age limit | 12+ | 15+ | 18+ |
2003年,由AV制作公司牵头成立的媒体伦理协会(Japanese: メディア倫理協会)因为成人游戏发行商HOBIBOX的加入,开始接受成人游戏的审查。有一些成人游戏公司退出计算机软件伦理机构(EOCS)、加入媒伦。2005年8月1日在受到日本经济产业省关东经济产业局的认可后,原媒伦改组为软件内容协会(Japanese: コンテンツ・ソフト協同組合;Template:Lang-en)。
2010年12月1日,映像伦理机构(Japanese: 映像倫理機構,简称:映像伦/映伦,ETHICS)成立,CSA的审查转移到该中心进行。2015年6月30日,软件内容协会解散。
2016年1月,映伦在与全日本软件内容伦理审查会业务合并后,改名为日本内容审查中心(Japanese: 日本コンテンツ審査センター;Template:Lang-en)。
退出计算机软件伦理机构加入JCRC(CSA)的游戏制作公司有SkyFish、LiLiTH、ARES、アージュ(âge)、NITRO PLUS等。
In Chinese Mainland, Online Game Age-Appropriateness Warning (Chinese: 网络游戏适龄提示Wǎngluò yóuxì shìlíng tíshì) made by China Audio-video and Digital Publishing Association (CADPA, Chinese: 中国音像与数字出版协会) is used for game reviewing and age classification. This rating system has been made public on Decmber 16th 2020 and came to effect on July 1st. OGAAW uses 3 ratings to classify different ages for people with different suitable ages. As a suggestion for minors and their guardians to choose age-appropriate games, OGAAW is not mandatory.
Before then, People's Daily Online has drafted a Draft of Game Age-Appropriateness Warning on 2019, which includes ratings: 6+, 12+, 16+ and 18+, which were intended to be used.[3] Its logo was released on September 26, 2019.[4]However, 18+ was canceled in the official version, and the lowest level was adjusted to 8+.
Former OGAAW icon[4] |
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|
To strict, this classification system has differences from other ratings outside Chinese Mainland, as the standards excludes the restricted rating for games with sexuality, violence and crime content similiar as "R18+".[5]However, because its function and form are similar to other ratings, some media regard it as a de facto rating system.[6]
相关单位还表示,“适龄提示”不同于西方的分级制度,是对现有审查制度的完善,并不会放大游戏内容审核尺度。国家新闻出版署负责人在有关防沉迷问题答记者问时也强调决不允许色情、血腥、暴力、赌博等有害内容存在于面向成年人的游戏中。[7]
适龄提示并没有仅适用于成年人的游戏这一标准,但游戏企业会另外采取技术限制未成年人登录使用被认为是仅限成年人的游戏,并在官网或登录页面显著位置给出限制说明[8]。
适龄提示属于游戏版号审批的必要标准。适龄提示标识必须安放在游戏产品界面的显著位置,包括但不限于游戏的官方网站,游戏注册、登录界面或开始界面,宣传视频、海报、广告等,并要求适龄提示应与游戏界面的背景颜色作出明显区分;宣传视频内,适龄提示标识出现时长不应少于3秒;静态界面中,点击适龄提示标识应能够展开或跳转至包含适龄提示用语的页面,且提示标识的最小边长不小于屏幕最小边长的1/10,以突出标识在游戏产品中的能见度和可视性。
Game Software Rating Regulations (GSRR, Chinese: 遊戲軟體分級管理辦法) is the game rating system released in 2011 and came into effect the following year. It was formerly Computer Software Rating Regulations (CSRR, Chinese: 電腦軟體分級辦法), which was the game rating system released in 2006 and came into effect the following year.
Icon | Rating | Description | Notes |
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General (G/普遍級/普) | Suitable for all ages. | Nintendo 3DS games that support glasses-free 3D will not fall into this category at the minimum. |
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Protected (P/保護級/護) | Suitable for 6 ages above. | |
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Parental Guidance 12 (PG12/輔12級) | Suitable for 12 ages above. | Formerly Parental Guidance (輔導級) before 2012 |
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Parental Guidance 15 (PG15/輔15級) | Suitable for 15 ages above. | Splitted from former PG in 2012. |
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Restricted (R/限制級/限) | Suitable for 18 ages above. |
There are no written game rating rules in Hong Kong and Macau, but if a has been checked with unsuitable content, it would receive an warning for person who buys this game.
香港當地的遊戲評級機構為「Obscene Articles Tribunal」 (OAT, Chinese: ♯♯物品審裁處/淫審處), 在香港具有法律效力,任何在香港本土上市的電子遊戲都需要經過淫審處的審核。雖然在名稱上淫審處未涉及「遊戲」相關的字眼,但該組織同時具有審核電子遊戲的職能。分級包括全年齡、適合18歲以上、不准出版三個分級。被評為只准18歲或以上人士購買的遊戲須貼上提示在游戏包装盒的表面、封面和封底,提示要佔包裝物的面積的20%或以上(如右图所示);而封套亦須清楚而顯眼地印上游戏出版人的姓名或名稱、營業地址及電話號碼。
Game Rating and Administration Committee (GRAC, Korean: 게임물관리위원회/게임物管理委員會Geimmul Gwalli-Wiwonhoe)is the game rating organization in South Korea established in December 2013, which replaced Game Rating Board (GRB, Korean: 게임물등급위원회/게임物等級委員會).
Infocomm Media Development Authority(IMDA)is the Singaporean governmental organization rates and classifies audiovisual products available in their country.
Icon | Rating | Description |
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ADV16(Advisory 16) | Suitable for individuals who are at least 16 years old. |
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M18(Mature 18) | Restricted to individuals who are at least 18 years old. |
Indonesia Game Rating System (IGRS) rates games available in Indonesia. The using ratings include SU (for all ages), 3+, 7+, 13+ and 18+.
National Media Council (NMC, Arabic: المجلس الوطني للإعلام) was the Emirati media rating organization established on 2006. They reviewed and classified movies and games released in UAE.
On June 2021, The game rating position was transferred from NMC to Media Regulatory Office (MRO, Arabic: مكتب تنظيم الإعلام).
General Commission for Audiovisual Media (GCAM, Arabic: الهيئة العامة للإعلام المرئي والمسموع) is the Saudi Arabian media rating organization established on 2012. They reviews and classifies movies and games released in Saudi Arabia.
Icon | Rating |
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Suitable for those aged 3 and above. |
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Suitable for those aged 7 and above. |
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Suitable for those aged 12 and above. |
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Suitable for those aged 16 and above. |
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Suitable for those aged 18 and above. |
In addition to these ratings, they also have a TBC rating, which introduced in 2020, for games to be reviewed and classified by GCAM.
Entertainment Software Rating Association (ESRA, Persian: نظام ارزیابی و ردهبندی سنی بازیهای رایانهای) is the Iranian video game rating organization established on 2008. They reviews and classifies movies and games released in Iran.
The ratings used by ESRA include 3+, 7+, 12+, 15+ and 18+. The 25+ rating was included until 2011.
Pan European Game Information (PEGI) is an organization which rates games in Europe, founded in April 2003. The game rating in Europe was performed by The Interactive Software Federation of Europe (ISFE).
PEGI rating system is generally used in European countries including Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and United Kingdom. Except for Austria, Poland and Finland, PEGI rating certification only has the role of advice and reference and has no legal effect.
Unterhaltungssoftware Selbstkontrolle (USK) is the organization that rates games available in Germany, in addition to PEGI.
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Age limit | General | 6+ | 12+ | 16+ | 18+ | Rating pending |
Before replaced by PEGI on 2012, United Kingdom used British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) to classify the games available in UK.
Icon | Rating | Description | Notes |
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U | Suitable for all. | |
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PG | Parental guidance required. | |
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12 | Suitable for 12 years and over | |
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15 | Suitable for 15 years and over | |
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18 | Suitable for 18 years and over |
Russian Age Rating System (RARS, Russian: Возрастная классификация информационной продукции в России) is a Russian media rating organization. They reviews and classifies movies and games released in Russia.
Icon | Age limit |
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All ages |
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6+ |
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12+ |
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16+ |
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18+ |
Australian Classification Board (ACB) is an Australian media rating organization. They reviews and classifies games, as well as movies and other publications available in Australia.
These ratings are advisory categories. There are no legal restrictions for viewing and/or playing these films and computer games.
The following ratings are legally restricted categories. This means there are legal restrictions on accessing these films and computer games.
Game which violates ACB rating rule will be refused for classification (categorized as Refused Classification/RC) and cannot be legally possessed in Australia.
Classification Office (formerly Office of Film and Literature Classification/OFLC) is a statutory organization in New Zealand that rates and reviews films, video games and publications shown, rented and sold in New Zealand.
Film and Publication Board (FPB) is a content-classification and regulation authority in South Africa that rates films and video games.
Some published games will be rated by International Age Rating Coalition (IARC), a foundation which founded in 2023. Some mobile platform games will be rated by App Store[14] or Google Play Store.
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For 3 years old and above. |
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For 7 years old and above. |
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For 12 years old and above. |
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For 16 years old and above. |
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For 18 years old and above. |